PAF part 2

Hi! From this article, I would like to discuss a few other facts that are relevant to the programming applications and frameworks.

Let's discuss about procedural programming and functional programming in PAF ( Programming Applications and Frameworks)

What is procedural programming? it simply means a programming paradigm established consequent to the concept of procedure calls, that help to structure the code segment using  Procedures, Routines, Sub-Routines, Functions, Methods.  And also it can be determined as a sub type of imperative programming.

Then what is functional programming? It's a form of developing the structure and elements of computer programs that regards computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions and bypass changing state and mutable data. It has originated from Lambda calculus. The output of a function only depends on the inputs.

Wonder what is Lambda calculus?

This is a framework developed by Alonzo Church in 1930 to study computations and functions. it's a formal framework in mathematical logic and computer science for communicating calculation by way of variable binding and substitution.

Lambda expressions are new in Java 8. it is a function which can be created without belonging to any class and it can be passed around if it was an object and executed on demand. click here for more info.

What is “no side-effects” and “referential transparency” in functional programming?

The side effect is related to state changes. therefore a function or expression is said to have a side effect. That means if it customizes some state outside its environment, in other words, has an observable interaction with the outside world other than returning a value.

Referential transparency is mostly defined as the fact that expression, in a programme, may be replaced by its value without modifying the result of the programme.

Ready to know about key features of OOP paradigm (Object Oriented Programming)?

look at this diagram to have a simple idea

Object Oriented Programming is a method of implementation in which programs are organized as a collection of objects which cooperate to solve a problem. The attributes of the above mentioned diagram are the key features of Object Oriented Programming.

Do you know about event-driven programming?

Event-driven programming is a programming paradigm with responding to the actions and events or other similar inputs witch determined the flow of the programme. This is really important in application development as it has generated the development of event handlers and other resources. This programming is different than other programmings because this converts the control of event machine and mainly target at the events caused outside the system that have GUI elements that user can collaborate.

Compiled languages, Scripting languages, and Markup languages

compiled language - implements are typically compilers
                                  can be executed directly on the OS or on a virtual machine.
scripting language -  interpreted language by run time machine executing without                                            compiling the source code.
markup language - represent structured data

Let's get some knowledge about Virtual Runtime machine

The main purpose of a virtual machine is to execute other programmes. It handles and manages the system memory and grants a portable execution environment for applications. There are 2 functions of a virtual machine
1. Allow run programmes on any device or an operating system
2. Manage and optimize programme memory

Here a simple diagram for you to get an idea about virtual machine

This is how JS (javascript) code is executed

before getting to know about how javascript is executed let's get to know what is javascript. JS is an object-oriented programming language that programmers use generally to create and develop programmes within the web browser. how they executed in the sense the source code is compiled through a program called compiler. that means machines cannot understand the human written source code. they understand only bytecode. which has 0 and 1. therefore the source code needs to translate

and that's what the compiler does. but it doesn't have compilation step such as in C language compilations. inbuilt interpreter in the browser reads and interpret the js code each line by line and execute it.

Do you know about tools that used to show output in HTML?

1.EXCEL to HTML converter

2.CSV to HTML converter

3.CSS viewer

4.Javascript viewer

Let's talk about different types of CASE tools, Workbenches, and Environments for different types of software systems

CASE tools -

CASE stands for Computer-aided software engineering. these CASE tools are using to develop and maintain higher quality programmes and programmes without any defects. those tools are
1.Graphical modeling tools.
2.Development tools.
3.Verification and validation tools.
4.Configuration management tools.
5.Metrics and measurement tools.
6.Project management tools.

Workbenches -

In the industry this is called as LWB too. It stands for language workbench. This is also a development toolset that provides facilities for the development and editing of domain-specific languages. this also can be referred to as a stage of CASE. ex- my SQL, Dbeaver, PHPMyAdmin, Navicat

Environments -

Environment refers to the collection of hardware and software tools a system developer uses to build software systems. As technology improves and user expectations grow, an environment's functionality tends to change. Over the last 20 years, the set of software tools available to developers has expanded considerably.

examples-
1.Language-centered environments
2.Structure-oriented environments
3.Toolkit environments
4.Method-based environments

Finally, let's get to know about  frameworks, libraries, and plugins in PAF

frameworks -

A framework is a collection of libraries, tools, rules, structures, and control, to build software systems. There are roles to play for these frameworks at the development time. such as

• Create the structure of the application

• Place your code in necessary places

• You may use the given libraries to write your code

• You can include additional libraries and plugins

libraries -

Libraries provide an API (application programming interface), the coder can use it to develop some features when writing code. For these libraries also have a role to play just like frameworks. They add the library to the project. such as source code files, modules, packages, executables and etc. and to call the necessary functions or methods using packages or modules or classes that are imported.

And most importantly at the run time, the library will be addressed by the code.

Plugins -

The usage of the plugins is to provide specific tools for development. this has a specific feature to the existing computer programmes. the role of plugins is to work with the source code files, modules, packages and etc when they are placed in the project and apply applicable configurations using the code. at the run time the plugin will be appealed via configurations.

That's all for this article and hope you got information and ideas well about facts of frameworks and much more in PAF. Thank you for reading.